旧约 - 耶利米书(Jeremiah)第2章

Moreover the word of the LORD came to me, saying,
Go and cry in the ears of Jerusalem, saying, Thus saith the LORD; I remember thee, the kindness of thy youth, the love of thine espousals, when thou wentest after me in the wilderness, in a land that was not sown.
Israel was holiness unto the LORD, and the firstfruits of his increase: all that devour him shall offend; evil shall come upon them, saith the LORD.
Hear ye the word of the LORD, O house of Jacob, and all the families of the house of Israel:
Thus saith the LORD, What iniquity have your fathers found in me, that they are gone far from me, and have walked after vanity, and are become vain?
Neither said they, Where is the LORD that brought us up out of the land of Egypt, that led us through the wilderness, through a land of deserts and of pits, through a land of drought, and of the shadow of death, through a land that no man passed through, and where no man dwelt?
And I brought you into a plentiful country, to eat the fruit thereof and the goodness thereof; but when ye entered, ye defiled my land, and made mine heritage an abomination.
The priests said not, Where is the LORD? and they that handle the law knew me not: the pastors also transgressed against me, and the prophets prophesied by Baal, and walked after things that do not profit.
Wherefore I will yet plead with you, saith the LORD, and with your children's children will I plead.
For pass over the isles of Chittim, and see; and send unto Kedar, and consider diligently, and see if there be such a thing.
Hath a nation changed their gods, which are yet no gods? but my people have changed their glory for that which doth not profit.
Be astonished, O ye heavens, at this, and be horribly afraid, be ye very desolate, saith the LORD.
For my people have committed two evils; they have forsaken me the fountain of living waters, and hewed them out cisterns, broken cisterns, that can hold no water.
Is Israel a servant? is he a homeborn slave? why is he spoiled?
The young lions roared upon him, and yelled, and they made his land waste: his cities are burned without inhabitant.
Also the children of Noph and Tahapanes have broken the crown of thy head.
Hast thou not procured this unto thyself, in that thou hast forsaken the LORD thy God, when he led thee by the way?
And now what hast thou to do in the way of Egypt, to drink the waters of Sihor? or what hast thou to do in the way of Assyria, to drink the waters of the river?
Thine own wickedness shall correct thee, and thy backslidings shall reprove thee: know therefore and see that it is an evil thing and bitter, that thou hast forsaken the LORD thy God, and that my fear is not in thee, saith the Lord GOD of hosts.
For of old time I have broken thy yoke, and burst thy bands; and thou saidst, I will not transgress; when upon every high hill and under every green tree thou wanderest, playing the harlot.
Yet I had planted thee a noble vine, wholly a right seed: how then art thou turned into the degenerate plant of a strange vine unto me?
For though thou wash thee with nitre, and take thee much soap, yet thine iniquity is marked before me, saith the Lord GOD.
How canst thou say, I am not polluted, I have not gone after Baalim? see thy way in the valley, know what thou hast done: thou art a swift dromedary traversing her ways;
A wild ass used to the wilderness, that snuffeth up the wind at her pleasure; in her occasion who can turn her away? all they that seek her will not weary themselves; in her month they shall find her.
Withhold thy foot from being unshod, and thy throat from thirst: but thou saidst, There is no hope: no; for I have loved strangers, and after them will I go.
As the thief is ashamed when he is found, so is the house of Israel ashamed; they, their kings, their princes, and their priests, and their prophets,
Saying to a stock, Thou art my father; and to a stone, Thou hast brought me forth: for they have turned their back unto me, and not their face: but in the time of their trouble they will say, Arise, and save us.
But where are thy gods that thou hast made thee? let them arise, if they can save thee in the time of thy trouble: for according to the number of thy cities are thy gods, O Judah.
Wherefore will ye plead with me? ye all have transgressed against me, saith the LORD.
In vain have I smitten your children; they received no correction: your own sword hath devoured your prophets, like a destroying lion.
O generation, see ye the word of the LORD. Have I been a wilderness unto Israel? a land of darkness? wherefore say my people, We are lords; we will come no more unto thee?
Can a maid forget her ornaments, or a bride her attire? yet my people have forgotten me days without number.
Why trimmest thou thy way to seek love? therefore hast thou also taught the wicked ones thy ways.
Also in thy skirts is found the blood of the souls of the poor innocents: I have not found it by secret search, but upon all these.
Yet thou sayest, Because I am innocent, surely his anger shall turn from me. Behold, I will plead with thee, because thou sayest, I have not sinned.
Why gaddest thou about so much to change thy way? thou also shalt be ashamed of Egypt, as thou wast ashamed of Assyria.
Yea, thou shalt go forth from him, and thine hands upon thine head: for the LORD hath rejected thy confidences, and thou shalt not prosper in them.
耶利米书第二章   第 2 章 

  耶 2:1-3:5> 人往往选择信赖眼前易见之物,我今天的安全感又是建筑在什么上面? 

  2:1-3:5 这段经文以婚姻关系比喻神对其子民的爱和子民对偶像的贪爱,两者对比鲜明、强烈,突出了犹大人不忠贞的罪恶。耶利米斥责犹大人(有时以首都耶路撒冷称之)常在虚无易变之物中寻求安全稳妥,却不倚靠那永恒不变的神。我们也会在自己的财物、能力或他人身上寻求安全,但这些东西定不能令我们满足。除了神以外,没有东西是永恒不变、坚固不移的。 

  耶 2:2> 求主赐我复兴之火,燃点我这渐熄的火焰…… 

  2:2 我们既然欣赏守信的朋友,自然也会对失信的人感到失望。同样,神的子民起初顺服祂,令祂感到喜悦;后来他们背约失信,令祂十分忿怒。我们会受引诱而渐渐远离神。想想你起初怎样献身顺服神,然后扪心自问现在是否依然那样真诚热心? 

  耶 2:3> 面对以色列反覆无常的爱,谁也会觉得不可理喻,然而我对神的爱也是如此吗? 

  2:3 所收的各种初熟土产(初熟果子)都是献给神的祭物(参申 26:1-11 ),以色列人历代以来都坚守这奉献的律例。以往以色列人像神的新娘,是圣洁忠贞的子民,极渴望讨神喜悦。但在耶利米时代,以色列人的表现则完全不可同日而语,形成强烈的对比。 

  耶 2:4-8> 先知藉以色列历史中的得失,引导国民检讨今天的步伐。可惜人常常重蹈前人的覆辙…… 

  2:4-8 以色列国包括“以色列家”和“雅各家”(犹大)。耶利米非常熟悉以色列的历史。众先知也多次向百姓讲述历史,主要基于以下几个理由:( 1 )提醒他们神是信实的;( 2 )令百姓不要忘记历史(当时的人没有圣经可读);( 3 )再三强调神对他们的爱;( 4 )提醒百姓以往与神的关系是何等亲密。我们当从历史中汲取教训,从成功中学习,避免重蹈覆辙。 

  耶 2:8> 混入了人性欲念的外邦宗教大受欢迎。究竟怎样慎防信仰生活受到不洁之欲念的沾染? 

  2:8 巴力是迦南宗教敬拜的主要男性神只。“众巴力”( 2:23 )指的是迦南各地皆有拜巴力的情况。巴力是生育之神,拜祭巴力时,人们在邱坛祭献牲畜,并以男女交合作为仪式的一部分。亚哈王的妻子耶洗别将拜祭巴力的宗教引进北国以色列,其后渐渐扩展至南国犹大。这种以性为拜祭中心的宗教,一直是蒙召过圣洁生活的以色列人的绊脚石。 

  耶 2:10> 有时,拜别神的人好像真的有更敬虔的外貌…… 

  2:10 神指出像基堤(即在西边的塞浦路斯)和基达(即巴勒斯坦以东的沙漠地带,是阿拉伯人聚居之地)这样的外邦国家尚能忠心敬拜他们的神,但以色列却不忠于独一的真神,反去敬拜那虚妄无用之物。 

  耶 2:13> 谁会舍活水而凿空池?然而,属神的人常有此愚行…… 

  2:13 有谁宁愿自凿池子装载雨水而舍弃涌流不息的活水泉源呢?神告诉以色列人他们离弃神而拜偶像的行为正是这样愚不可及。更糟的是他们选择了一个破裂不能储水的池子,企图以一套虚无愚妄的宗教制度来承载真理。既然神自己就是活水泉源,祂应许亲自更新我们的生命(参约 4:10 ),我们为什么还要离弃祂,依恋“池子”(金钱、权力、宗教制度或其他事物)所偶然带来的好处呢? 

  耶 2:16-17> 犹大以埃及为依,反倒受埃及的欺凌。另凿的池子不但没有活水,反而涌出了伤害…… 

  2:16-17 挪弗位于埃及下方,即今日的开罗附近。答比匿则位于埃及东北部。耶利米在这里指的可能是公元前 926 年埃及法老王示撒入侵犹大的事(参王上 14:25 ),亦可能是预言公元前 609 年埃及王尼哥攻打犹大,约西亚王被杀身亡的事(参王下 23:29-30 )。总之,耶利米想指出此下场全是因为人民背叛神的结果。 

  耶 2:22> 若不能藉着肥皂将罪污洗濯,那么还有什么洁净之途? 

  2:22 罪污不是表面的东西,以色列人的罪污连最强力的清洁剂也不能洗净。要使灵命得以洁净,必须深入心底深处,这是只有神才能够完成的工作。我们不可轻视罪的影响,以为不理它,它就会自动消失。你的罪污深深印在你的生命之中,但只要你愿意,神一定会将你的罪洗濯净尽(参赛 1:18 ;结 36:25 )。 

  耶 2:23-27> 昔日泥塑木雕的偶像使以色列人疯狂,今天让现代人沉溺的偶像又会是什么? 

  2:23-27 这里将以色列人喻为交配季节四处求偶的动物。他们像发了疯一样,拼命地追求权力、金钱、与外邦势力的联盟和各种神只。那些偶像没有来找他们,而是他们主动接触偶像,疯狂地膜拜,渐渐沉溺其中,享受罪中之乐,以致不愿再放弃。被人揭发是他们惟一感到羞辱的事。我们渴求得到某些东西,若到了不择手段、牺牲一切的地步,就意味着我们已经沉溺其中、远离神了。 

  耶 2:30> 昔日作先知会遭遇什么危险?若我蒙呼召作先知,我会怎样回应? 

  2:30 在耶利米那个时代作先知实在是十分冒险的,因为先知必须指责暴君的恶行和政策,但这却容易令人误以为是卖国贼。从历史中不难发现,先知曾因违抗暴君的命令而招致君王憎恨,亦曾因阻止百姓拜偶像而令百姓对他们恨之入骨(参徒 7:52 )。 

  耶 2:31-32> 我是否隐隐觉得神是我的束缚?是否曾想过不如将祂抛诸脑后罢了? 

  2:31-32 不论是刻意还是无心,忘本都是很危险的事。以色列人热衷于追求世间的享乐,沉醉其间而忘记神。我们越是着眼于世间的享乐,就越容易忘记神的眷顾、神的慈爱、神的信实和引导,甚至完全把神抛诸脑后。哪些事情是你感到最快乐的呢?你最近忘记了神没有? 

  耶 2:36> 为什么以色列与世界上最强大的帝国结盟是错误的?这是政治问题吗? 

  2:36 神并非反对国与国之间互相联盟或共同合作,而是反对人们倚赖人的力量多于倚靠祂,这正是耶利米时代的问题。在大卫及所罗门朝代之后以色列国分裂,主要原因是领袖不再倚靠独一真神耶和华,反而求之于盟国和偶像的力量。他们企图以强国间互相制衡的方法令自己得到保护。犹大国不久就发现与埃及结盟跟以前和亚述结盟的结果实在没有两样,都是叫人失望(参王下 16:8-9 ;赛 7:13-25 )。──《灵修版圣经注释》